人教版(2019)高中英语选择性必修一第一单元测试卷
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Fantastic Fall Festivals You Won't Want to Miss Seymour Apple Festival
Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment! More than 15，000 people from all over the region come out to take part in the activities, ranging from drawings, vendor booths, food，apple contests, bikedecorating contests, and more.
Marionville Apple Festival
The popular Marionville Apple Festival is home to countless activities and events.The carnival，pony rides，and games will keep the kids busy, while adults will enjoy watching the pieeating contest and browsing dozens of craft vendor booths.
Humansville Fall Festival
The Humansville Fall Festival may be hosted by a small town，but that doesn't mean it's lacking big fun.Perfect for all ages，this fall festival is celebrating its 70th year and will provide three full days of fun.This year's festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, Which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years.You'll also find fun carnival rides, talented artisans selling their goods, and an amazing parade to wrap up the event on Saturday.
Southside Fall Festival
The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations，with an alcoholfree environment and free admission.Enjoy a colourful parade and float contest，delicious food vendors，live music, karaoke, and more.
Fall Into Arts Festival
Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrates all things creative.The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kidfriendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, the sidewalk chalk, a jump house, and more.Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists，festival food, a mini film festival, and much more.
1.Which festivals are free of charge?
A.Southside Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival.
B.Seymour Apple Festival and Southside Fall Festival.
C.Humansville Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival.
D.Seymour Apple Festival and Marionville Apple Festival.
2.What makes Humansville Fall Festival special this year?
A.Fun activities on Saturday. B.The duration of the festival.
C.The area of the hosting town. D.Musicians' live performance.
3.Fall Into Arts Festival is specially welcomed by________．
A.movie lovers B.modern artists C.visitors of all ages D.families with kids
B
It was a dark night. Thick, dark, gray clouds had made sure that there was no starlight or moonlight to greet me as I walked out on my porch. Still, I kept the porch light off because I didn’t want to be surrounded by bugs and moths (飞蛾) on this sticky summer evening. I stood there for a while letting my eyes adjust to the lack of light. My dog stood beside me waiting patiently for me to start her walk. It was then, though, that I saw them. First one blink of light at the far end of the meadow was followed by another and then another. I smiled. I recognized them at once as my firefly friends, who always showed up this time of the year.
I got so much joy watching them first as a child and then as an adult. They never became dull or boring and they always filled me with delight. When I was little I used to sit in the grass and watch them slowly fly around blinking on and off. I never caught and put one in a jar as some kids did because I was afraid I might kill it and I never wanted to hurt these messengers (信使) of light. Their time on this earth was so brief as it was. l tried to enjoy them each night they were here. It always saddened me when they disappeared in the fall and it always made my heart sing when they reappeared the next summer.
I think I enjoy these little fireflies so much because I can see that we are like them in a lot of ways. Our time here on earth is brief. Often our light and love are more like on and off blinks rather than a steady shine. Let’s share our light and love while we are here then.
4.Why did the author turn off his porch light?
A.To walk his dog. B.To adapt to surroundings.
C.To avoid some insects. D.To greet special friends.
5.What can we know about fireflies?
A.They always saddened the author. B.Most kids caught and killed them.
C.The author watched them every night. D.They usually brightened the author.
6.What does the author mainly want to convey through the story?
A.Value our short life in the world. B.Protect fireflies as well as possible.
C.Devote ourselves as much as possible. D.Share as many inspiring stories as possible.
7.What can be the best title for the text?
A.Human’s Best Friends B.Messengers of Light
C.A Special Summer Night D.Fireflies — Shinning Forever
C
Scientists often compare coral reefs (珊瑚礁) to underwater rainforests, yet unlike the leafy plant base of a forest, corals are animals. The soft creatures are naturally half-transparent and get their brilliant color from algae (藻类) living inside them. When corals experience stress from hot temperatures or pollution, they halt the interdependent relationship with algae, typically pushing them out and turning white. Corals are still alive when they are white, but they’re at risk and many eventually die, turning dark brown.
Scientists around the world are looking for means to protect and maybe increase corals. One common option is to create more protected areas — essentially national parks in the ocean. Beyond nature preserves, some conservationists are looking for more hands-on methods. One research center in the Florida Keys is exploring a form of natural selection to keep corals remaining. The reef system in the Keys has been hit hard by climate change and pollution, which is especially tough, because corals there help support fisheries worth $ 100 million every year.
To keep the wild ecosystem alive, Erinn Muller, the center’s director, and her team are harvesting samples of the corals that survived the environmental stress naturally, keeping them to make them reproduce, and then reattaching them to the reef. They have 46,000 corals on plastic frames under the sea. So far, the center has regrown over 70,000 corals from five different species on damaged reefs.
In the Bahamas, Ross Cunning, a research biologist at Chicago’s Shedd Aquarium, focuses on corals with genes that could make them natural candidates for restoration projects. He published a study of two Bahamian reefs, one that survived an extreme 2015 heat wave, and one that didn’t. “We think their ability to deal with these higher temperatures is built into their genes,” says Cunning. There’s evidence of corals evolving more quickly to resist rapidly warming climate. The big question scientists need to investigate, adds Gunning, is how much more heat corals can adapt to.
8.What does the underlined word “halt” in the first paragraph mean?
A.Weaken. B.Develop. C.Strengthen. D.End.
9.What do Muller and her team do to save corals?
A.Restore the damaged reefs. B.Grow corals underwater.
C.Create more protected areas. D.Move corals to unpolluted areas.
10.What do Cunning’s words suggest?
A.Many corals have been genetically improved.
B.Cooling down the waters is the key to rescuing corals.
C.The highest temperature corals can survive is unclear.
D.Reasons for corals surviving heat waves need investigation.
11.Which is the text mainly about?
A.The efforts made to save corals. B.The impact of climate warming on corals.
C.The survival crisis faced by coral reefs. D.The relationship between corals and algae.
D
It is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socioeconomic backgrounds tend to do less well in the education system.In an attempt to help the children of poor families, a nationwide program called“Headstart” was started in the US in 1965.A lot of money was poured into it.It took children into preschool institutions at the age of three and was supposed to help them succeed in school.But the results have been disappointing, because the program began too late.Many children who entered it at three were already behind their peers in language and intelligence and the parents were not involved in the process.At the end of each day, “Headstart” children returned to the same disadvantaged home environment.
To improve the results, another program was started in Missouri that concentrated on parents as the child's first teachers.This program was based on research showing that working with the family is the most effective way of helping children get the best possible start in life.The fouryear study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and represented different socioeconomic status, age and family structure.The program involved trained educators visiting and working with the parent or parents and the child.The program also gave the parents some guidance，and useful skills on child development.
At three, the children involved in the “Missouri” program were evaluated with the children selected from the same socioeconomic backgrounds and family situations.The results were obvious.The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers.They performed equally well regardless of socioeconomic backgrounds or family structure.The one factor that was found to affect the child's development was the poor quality of parentchild interaction.That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.
The “Missouri” program compares quite distinctly with the “Headstart” program.Without a similar focus of parent education and on the vital importance of the first three years, some evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome education unfairness.
12.What caused the failure of the “Headstart” program?
A.The large number of poor families. B.The disapproval from children.
C.The late start of the program. D.The long period of time.
13.What do we know about the “Missouri” program?
A.It focused on the children's first school teachers.
B.It helped the children return to the same home.
C.It made the children improved in many aspects.
D.It gave the parents advice on their development.
14.According to the passage, what is likely to influence children's performance?
A.The number of family members. B.The teacherstudent relationship.
C.The intelligence of their parents. D.The parentchild communication.
15.How does the author develop the passage?
A.By listing figures. B.By making comparisons.
C.By presenting ideas. D.By drawing conclusions.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As we know, mental health is in a worse situation among young people globally. ___16___ This not only lowers quality of life, but has a negative impact on a teenager’s growth. To get at the root causes of this decline, a group of scientists conducted a study and found the combination of high screen time and low “green time” greatly affects mental well-being. Children nowadays spend more time than ever in front of electronic devices.
The average daily screen time for 8-to-18-year-olds was 7.5 hours in the U. S. ten years ago. As the study states, “This greatly goes above guidelines of 2 hours per day.” Now the condition is worse by the fact that so many schools are using technology to teach classes. Indeed some screen time can promote connections and enable tasks to be done more efficiently. ___17__ In addition to troubling nerve stimulation, too much screen time takes the place of important protective behaviors for mental health such as physical activity, getting adequate sleep and academic activities.
The study authors suggest that green time could act as a cure for screen time, essentially balancing its negative effects. ___18___ The attention systems can be restored in natural environment when they are worn out, because they employ involuntary attention there, which is not tiring or effortful.
___19___ The great nature could potentially function as a psychological well-being promotion intervention (干预) for children and teenagers in a high-tech era. This knowledge could be a guide to public health departments that are struggling to restore happiness and cheer in countless anxious teenagers. ___20___
A.Teenagers urgently need more green time.
B.Screen-based technology makes kids less attentive.
C.The frequency of depression and anxiety is increasing.
D.There are many more ways, nevertheless , in which it is harmful.
E.It suggests more outdoor projects like building parks could be fundamental.
F.Paying constant directed attention to screens can raise directed attention tiredness.
G.This study highlights that nature may currently be a potential public health resource.
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The measure of a man's real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out. --Thomas Macaulay
Some thirty years ago, I was studying in a public school in New York. One day, Mrs. Nanette O’Neill gave a math ____1____ to our class. When the papers were marked, she discovered that twelve boys had made the same mistakes throughout the test.
“There is really nothing new about ____2____ in the exams. Perhaps that was why Mrs. O’Neill didn’t even say a word about it. She only asked the twelve boys to____3____after class. I was one of the twelve.
Mrs O’Neill asked ____4____questions, and she didn’t ____5____ us either." She wrote on the blackboard the ____6____words by Thomas Macaulay. She then ordered us to ____7____ these words into our exercise books one hundred times.
I don’t ____8____about the other eleven boys. Speaking for myself I can say: it was the most important single ____9____of my life. Thirty years after being introduced to Macaulay's words, they ____10____ seem to me the best yardstick(准绳), because they give me a ____11____to measure myself rather than others.
____12____of us are asked to make great decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle. But all of us are called upon daily to make a great many personal decisions. ____13____the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket or turned over to the policeman? Should the extra change received at the store be forgotten or ____14___? Nobody will know except ____15____. But you have to live with yourself, and it is always better to live with someone you respect.
1.A.exercise B.test C.problem D.lesson
2.A.lying B.guessing C.cheating D.discussing
3.A.come B.leave C.remain D.apologize
4.A.many B.no C.a great deal of D.a number of
5.A.gather B.reject C.help D.scold
6.A.above B.common C.following D.usual
7.A.whisper B.illustrate C.copy D.fold
8.A.worry B.hear C.talk D.know
9.A.chance B.accident C.lesson D.feature
10.A.even B.still C.therefore D.however
11.A.way B.sentence C.choice D.reason
12.A.All B.Some C.Few D.None
13.A.Must B.Should C.Need D.Would
14.A.paid B.remembered C.contained D.returned
15.A.me B.you C.us D.them
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wu Zetian, the only woman emperor to rule ancient China, is considered 1.________one of the most powerful women in Chinese history.
She was born into a(n)2.________(wealth)family with great beauty and intelligence.This beautiful girl, unlike others in ancient China，3.________(be)in favour of reading and often travelled around the country with her father when she was young，4.________increased her knowledge and developed her talents.When she was about fourteen, she 5.________(send)to the palace and married to the Emperor.
After many difficulties and hardships，she 6.________(successful)made herself queen.A few years after Emperor Gaozong died, Wu Zetian changed the name of the dynasty Tang to Zhou, and became Empress.7.________seemed like a hard task for women to be rulers in ancient times, but Wu Zetian succeeded.When she ruled the country, she supported economic and cultural 8.________(develop)and improved people's living quality.She also encouraged girls to go to school 9.________ (study).Before then, girls were not allowed to go to school.
Wu Zetian died at the age of 82，10.________(leave)a gravestone without any words on it.Although the Zhou Dynasty only lasted for one generation, it marked an important period in Chinese history.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 应用文 （15分）
假定你是李华，近期你校举办了主题为“美丽中国”的现场国画（traditional Chinese painting）比赛。请为校报英文专栏写一篇活动报道。内容包括：
1. 活动时间、地点：
2. 活动概况：
3. 活动意义。
注意：
1. 词数100左右：
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 续写 （25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。
When I was four years old，I got stung(刺痛)by a bee twice in one week! After that，I had a fear of bees.When I saw bees or heard any sound from bees，I fled away immediately.That was why my parents suggested that I learn about bees instead of being frightened.I went to libraries to borrow some books about bees, and I tried to watch videos about bees, though I didn't like them at first.And gradually，I was interested in what I read and watched.I learnt that bees could help make the food we ate because of their pollination(传授花粉).Take pizza, for example.If we didn't have bees to pollinate(给……授粉)tomato plants，we wouldn't have tomatoes for sauce.And we wouldn't have cheese without pollination, either.
But, at the same time, I learnt some bad news.One was that bees were struggling to survive.Many were dying.Some scientists thought it might be because of the chemicals that were used to kill other insects.What would happen if there were no more bees? I wanted to help.I thought, “What if I make lemonade, sell it, and raise money and donate it to groups who are saving bees？” I talked to my grandmother, Helen.She was a good cook and she was supportive(支持的)when she knew what my plan was.She gave me her recipe for lemonade.It came from a cookbook from 1940.She had used it herself for more than 50 years.She always made lemonade for us when we visited her at weekends.And we all liked it.Most importantly, she promised to help me make it.
注意：1.续写的词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
My parttime job as a cook started immediately.__________________________
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My dad showed me how to improve my sales.____________________________
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参考答案
阅读理解 BDD CDCB DBCA CCDB CDFGE
完形填空 BCCBD ACDCB ACBDB
语法填空 as, wealthy, was, which, was sent, successfully, It, development, to study, leaving
书面表达略
