无论是在初中中考中还是在高中高考中，阅读理解是英语占分值最大的题型。初中英语的阅读理解主要考察学生在材料中提取信息的能力和根据材料分析、筛选信息的能力。当然也需要学生能够对比信息是否正确的能力。试卷对学生的考察也是基于人们在日常生活中主要通过阅读获取信息的需要，因此阅读题内容的变化多端，很多学生感到这种题型很难。这种情况主要是学生没有掌握做题方法所致。只要学生掌握了初中英语的阅读理解的做题方法，学生基本上能够不失分。
学生能够做阅读题，需要两个条件，第一是学生能够看懂阅读内容。这是学生能够做题的最基本条件。没有这个基本条件，学生就无法做阅读理解题。第二个就是学生必须能够分析问题，分析句子间的逻辑关系，这关系到学生做阅读理解的质量，也就是正确率的多少。
然后，再说说学生做题的顺序。许多人或许会问，做题还有什么顺序。我们的学生做英语的阅读理解题时，一般情况都是先读文章内容，再读题目，然后再读一遍文章内容后做题。这种情况相当于学生把文章内容和题目读了两遍。如果学生的做题速度比较慢，做题时间不够，学生可以这样做题：先读下面的题目及选项，然后带着问题去读文章内容。一般情况题目在文章中的答案都是从上到下依次下来的（后面还会讲）。这样就会减少一遍读文章内容的遍数，学生时间。
下面我主要介绍一种我经常让学生在做阅读理解题时常用的方法——“支持句”方法。支持句做阅读理解是怎么做的吗？
第一步，在读问题时把问题中的关键词勾画起来或圈起来。
第二步，带着问题再去读文章内容，找到问题答案所在的句子后，把这个句子划起来，并在句子前面写上是哪个题的序号。
第三步，根据划线内容，确定下面问题的答案。
Gina is really busy this term.On September 15th she has a basketball game.She doesn't play basketball.She only watches them.①On October 7th she comes to Maria's birthday party. ② Her chool trip is on October 16th.She.likes it because it's really interesting.The volleyball game is on
③ November 3rd.Gina likes playing volleyball very much.On December 10th she has an English speech contest.④Gina's favorite subject is English.She speaks English(讲英语)very well.This term is busy but it's fun and interesting.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。
1.Maria's birthday is on .
A.October 7th B.November 10th C.October 29th D.November 20th
2.Gina likes the school trip because it's really .
A.great B.busy C.relaxing D.interesting
3. is on November 3rd.
A .The basketball game B.The volleyball game
C.Maria's birthday party D.The school trip slobr
4i.Gna's favorite subject is .
A.Chinese B.math C.English D.geography
5.Gina has activities(活动) this term.
A.two B.three C.four D.five
分析:
读完全文知道这篇文章主要是介绍了Gina的一个繁忙的学期及这个学期的活动。
1.该题的关键词为“Maria's birthday ”，在文中找出其支持句，答案为：A;
2.该题的关键词为“he school trip ”和“because”，在文中找出其支持句，答案为：D;
3.该题的关键词为“ November 3rd”，在文中找出其支持句，答案为：B;
4.该题的关键词为“ favorite subject”，在文中找出其支持句，答案为：C;
5.该题的关键词为“ activities”，在文中找，共找到5个活动，答案为：D;
说明：阅读理解题，主要是找准问题主要问的是什么，句式关键词的确定问题。然后根据关键词来确定答案在哪句。对于需要在全文找的内容，需要注意不要漏掉。
八年级上册阅读理解练习：
People usually celebrate their traditional festival.The Spring Festival is celebrated not only in China but also in other parts of the world.The traditional holiday is the most important to Chinese both home and abroad(国外).
United Kingdom Celebrations for Spring Festival in the UK started in 1980,with the first evening party held in 2002.Every New Year,people get together and have a lot of activities. They sing songs,dance to music,share photos with friends or enjoy films in a cinema.
United States Spring Festival is an important time for Chinese living or working in the US.They join in a large evening party to welcome the traditional New Year.It is a good chance for people to feel that they are not alone because they share the same culture.
Australia On Chinese New Year,many people across Australia come to Sydney's
Chinatown.They enjoy fireworks,lion dances,dragon boat races and many other traditional activities.The celebrations are also a bridge towards better understanding between Chinese and non-Chinese.
Singapore The family dinner on New Year's Eve is an important tradition for Chinese. They put traditional food on a table as an act of remembering their past.Then the whole family enjoys their dinner together.They usually have it at home because having it in a restaurant takes away the meaning of the tradition.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。1.Celebrations for Spring Festival in the UK started in .
A.1890 B.1980 C.2000 D.2002
2.At Spring Festival,American Chinese join in a large evening party to
A.welcome the new year B.refuse a good chance
C.tell others they are alone D.share different cultures
3.Chinese in Australia enjoy the following activities except(除去) .
A.fireworks B.lion dances C.playing cards D.dragon boat races
4.In Singapore,Chinese families don't have the New Year dinner at a restaurant but at home because
A.they were born in Singapore B.they moved there from other places
C.the restaurant is far away D.they want to keep Chinese tradition
5.After reading the passage above,we can say
A.all parts of the world celebrate Spring Festival
B.the Chinese New Year is celebrated only in China
C.only four foreign countries celebrate Chinese Spring Festival
D.Chinese around the world have a strong feeling towards Spring Festival
分析：
该文主要介绍了四个国家是怎样庆祝春节的，主要介绍了春节的活动。
1. 关键词为in the UK 和started ，支持句为Celebrations for Spring Festival in the UK started in 1980，答案为B；
2. 关键词为a large evening party，支持句为hey join in a large evening party to welcome the traditional New Year，答案为：A;
3.关键词为activities和 except，支持句为They enjoy fireworks,lion dances,dragon boat races and many other traditional，答案为：C;
4.关键词为at home和because，支持句为hey usually have it at home because having it in a restaurant takes away the meaning of the tradition.，答案为D；
5.该题需要全文把握，需要对四个答案主格去找到其支持句，四个支持句依次为：答案为；A和B的支持句为The Spring Festival is celebrated not only in China but also in other parts of the world.并且选项A、B和C都违反我们的常识；选项D只能从全文理解，整体把握，答案为D.
反思：
阅读理解题，最难的是需要全文理解这种题，这需要从全文找四个选项的支持句，理解选项是否正确。有时，明显违反社会常识和自然常识的，一般情况是错误的。
本人根据自己教学经验总结，内容和做题方法或许还要继续完善、补充。愿与各位共同探讨初中英语的教学和做题问题。如果有什么好的建议，请在评论区表述。
