人教版(2019)高中英语选择性必修三第三单元测试卷
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
These museums are solely devoted to a particular piece of food culture.
SPAM Museum
With a brand new location，the SPAM Museum celebrates a food that people either love or despise.While visitors might not actually be able to find out what’s inside a can of SPAM，the museum has a lot of memorabilia(纪念品) on display，many of them related to its role in World War Ⅱ.
Admission：Free
Hours：
November－March
Monday：Closed
Tuesday－Saturday：10 am－5 pm
Sunday：Noon－5 pm
April－October：
Monday－Saturday：10 am－6 pm
Sunday：Noon－5 pm
CLOSED：New Year’s Day，Easter，Thanksgiving，Christmas Eve and Christmas Day
Chocolate Museum，Cologne
The museum offers guided tours，a café and a store where over 100,000 chocolate products are for sale.A German travel expert says，“The exhibition texts are in English and German.For kids，there are plenty of interactive activities，but the highlight of the museum is a 10foot high chocolate fountain(喷泉)．”
Admission：
Adults：￡9.00
Groups of 15 persons or more：￡8.50
Family ticket：￡25.00
Hours：
Tuesday－Friday：10 am－6 pm
Saturday/Sunday/bank holidays：11 am－7 pm
In December the museum will be open every Monday.
Frietmuseum，Bruges
The Frietmuseum explains the history of the potato and fries，starting on the ground floor with an exhibition about Peru，where potatoes originated more than 10,000 years ago.Then on the first floor，visitors can learn about the history of fries，and how they came to Belgium and became the most beloved national food.There are also medieval(中世纪的) potato cellars(地窖) where visitors get to have a taste.
Admission：
Adults：￡7.00
Groups (from 15 people，reservation required)：￡6.00
Students,65＋：￡6.00
Children aged from 6 to 11：￡5.00
Hours：
Daily from 10 am to 5 pm(last tickets at 4：15 pm)
Closing dates：
Closed on 24th,25th and 31st December,1st January.
We are also closed from 9th till 13th January.
1.If you visit the SPAM Museum during the winter holiday，you have to visit it at .
A.11 am on Monday B.11 am on Sunday C.11 am on Thursday D.6 pm on Saturday
2.What is probably the most popular thing for children in the Chocolate Museum in Cologne?
A.A chocolate store. B.Interactive activities.
C.A chocolate café. D.A chocolate fountain.
3.What is NOT exhibited in the Frietmuseum in Bruges?
A.The history of potatoes in Peru. B.The history of potatoes in Belgium.
C.The history of fries in Belgium. D.The city’s medieval potato cellars.
B
The discussion on renewable energy has been going on for at least a decade and people have relied on fossil fuels almost entirely for more than a century.However，the situation when fossil fuels were the most efficient and the cheapest source of energy has been left far in the past.Many countries such as Germany and Sweden have already made significant efforts to fix this situation，employing numerous power plants working on the renewable resources of energy.The most effective among these resources is geothermal(地热的) energy.
Geothermal energy does not depend on the world’s economic and political situation as strongly as fossil fuels do.Besides，extracting(提炼) fossil fuels adds to the price of energy produced from them.Therefore，geothermal energy is much cheaper than traditional energy，saving up to 80% of the costs over fossil fuels.
Being a renewable resource，geothermal energy produces less waste and pollution than traditional energy sources.In geothermal systems，carbon dioxide makes up about 10% of air produced.Overall，in order to produce the electricity that can be used for one hour，the geothermal systems produce 0.1 pound of carbon dioxide and other harmful gases.For a comparison，a power plant producing from gas produces up to 2 pounds of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere，and those power plants that work on coal(煤) produce an astonishing 3.6 pounds of greenhouse gases.
Low costs are another reason why using geothermal power plants should be the first choice for many countries.Geothermal heat systems require 25% to 50% less energy for work compared with the traditional systems for heating or cooling.Besides，geothermal equipment is less big：due to the very nature of geothermal energy，geothermal power plants have only a few moving parts，all of which can be easily sheltered inside a relatively small building.What’s more，the life span of geothermal equipment is rather long.All these make geothermal power stations easy to build and keep.
4.Fossil fuels are more expensive than geothermal energy partly because .
A.it is free to use geothermal energy
B.the production of fossil fuels costs a lot
C.fossil fuels are nearly used up
D.geothermal energy doesn’t depend on political situation
5.According to Paragraph 3，what can be concluded from the comparison?
A.Geothermal energy is environmentally friendly.
B.Gas and coal are often used to produce electricity.
C.Coal is much more efficient than gas.
D.The geothermal systems don’t produce harmful gases.
6.Geothermal equipment is usually not as big as that of traditional energy because of .
A.the life span of geothermal equipment B.geothermal power plants
C.the nature of geothermal energy D.the small buildings
7.What is the main idea of this passage?
A.Many countries have benefited from geothermal energy.
B.Geothermal energy is well accepted.
C.Fossil fuels are being run out of.
D.Geothermal energy has many advantages
C
Imagine a mass of floating waste is two times the size of the state of Texas.Texas has a land area of more than 678,000 square kilometers.So it might be difficult to imagine anything twice as big.
All together，this mass of waste flowing in the North Pacific Ocean is known as the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch.It weighs about 3,500,000 tons.The waste includes bags，bottles and containers—plastic products of all kinds.
The eastern part of the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch is about 1,600 kilometers west of California.The western part is west of the Hawaiian Islands and east of Japan.The area has been described as a kind of oceanic desert，with light winds and slow moving water currents.The water moves so slowly that garbage from all over the world collects there.
In recent years，there have been growing concerns about the floating garbage and its effect on sea creatures and human health.Scientists say thousands of animals get trapped in the floating waste，resulting in death or injury.Even more die from a lack of food or water after swallowing pieces of plastic.The trash can make animals feel full，diminishing their desire to eat or drink.
The floating garbage also can have harmful effects on people.There is an increased threat of infection of disease from polluted waste，and from eating fish that swallowed waste.Divers can also get trapped in the plastic.
Its existence first gained public attention in 1997.That was when racing boat captain and oceanographer Charles Moore and his crew sailed into the garbage while returning from a racing event.Five years earlier，another oceanographer learnt of the trash after a shipment of rubber duckies got lost at sea.Many of those toys are now part of the Great Pacific Ocean Garbage Patch.
8.The first paragraph is written to .
A.lead in the topic of the text B.inspire readers’ imagination
C.develop readers’ interest in Texas D.talk about reasons for water pollution
9.What does the underlined word “diminishing” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A.Increasing. B.Determining. C.Weakening. D.Reserving.
10.What can we know about the floating garbage according to the text?
A.It gives rise to various diseases. B.It does great harm to sea animals.
C.Causes of it still remain unknown. D.Efforts to clear it have been made.
11.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A.To warn people about dangers of diving in the ocean.
B.To explore the future of the North Pacific Ocean.
C.To call on people to protect ocean environment.
D.To display some facts about floating waste.
D
We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new，but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style.That’s bad news for the environment—and our wallets—as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.
To figure out how much power these devices are using，Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life—from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device.This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s.Devices were grouped by generation.Desktop computers，basic mobile phones，and boxset TVs defined 1992.Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997.And MP3 players，smart phones，and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002，before tablets and ereaders showed up in 2007.
As we accumulated more devices，however，we didn’t throw out our old ones.“The livingroom television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room，and suddenly one day，you have a TV in every room of the house，” said one researcher.The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.We’re not just keeping these old devices—we continue to use them.According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team，old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.
So what’s the solution？The team’s data only went up to 2007，but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function，such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.They found that more ondemand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.
12.What does the author think of new devices?
A.They are environmentfriendly. B.They are no better than the old.
C.They cost more to use at home. D.They go out of style quickly.
13.Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?
A.To reduce the cost of minerals. B.To test the life cycle of a product.
C.To update consumers on new technology. D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.
14.Which of the following uses the least energy?
A.The boxset TV. B.The tablet. C.The LCD TV. D.The desktop computer.
15.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?
A.Stop using them. B.Take them apart. C.Upgrade them. D.Recycle them.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Things You Can Do for the Ocean
The ocean supports a global underwater circulation system of currents,which affects temperature and nutrient distribution. 16 .It’s time for you to do something for the ocean.Be the best citizen of the ocean you can be by taking these simple things today.
17 .The Monterey Bay Aquarium has made it easy to choose ocean-friendly seafood wherever you live or travel.You can visit their site to determine the pocket guide.And try to carry a reusable cup when travelling.More than 200 billion pounds of plastic is produced in the world every year and about 10% of it ends up in the ocean! 18 .You can also make your efforts to reduce the plastic waste by travelling with your own cup.
Leave natural areas and beaches better than you found them. 19 ,or get together with like-minded members of your community by participating in a local beach clean-up.Reducing water pollution is also beneficial to protecting the ocean.There are simple things you can do to reduce water pollution locally and impact water quality globally. 20 .You should correctly deal with dangerous materials.Moreover,you should use native plants and natural fertilizers,and be mindful when washing your vehicle.
A.And this in turn affects ultimately human life
B.The ocean pollution has been a serious problem
C.Eat sustainable seafood and carry a reusable cup
D.Bring a small bag and pick the rubbish along the way
E.You should not eat at the restaurants selling wild animals
F.You should use poisonless household products whenever possible
G.Refusing bottled water is an effective way to reduce the waste stream of plastic
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On June 8th,much of the world observes United Nations World Oceans Day.The idea is to remind people of how 1 the world’s oceans are to all life on Earth,to celebrate their beauty,and to bring attention to the 2 human activity has on the oceans.The 3 is “Our Oceans,Our Future”,with 4 emphasis on finding solutions to plastic pollution,and 5 marine litter for a healthier ocean and a better future.
The world’s oceans produce over half of our 6 for breath,help regulate our climate,absorb carbon dioxide,and support the greatest 7 of life on our planet.Nearly half of all species on Earth 8 on the oceans for survival,and for many of the rest,including for people,the oceans 9 the quality of life.
The oceans are 10 vital to the world’s economy,because they are key to transportation and recreation.And 11 over 95 percent of the underwater kingdom remains unexplored,it is nearly a certainty that their 12 may hold the cure to many a disease,the resolution to many problems.
And yet,as much as 40 per cent of the world’s oceans are heavily 13 by human activities that result in pollution,over-fishing,and loss of coastal habitats.Of particular 14 is plastic litter.Some of it comes from ships that use our rivers,lakes and seas,and 15 makes its way into the ocean.
1.A.serious B.important C.apparent D.awesome
2.A.influence B.result C.affection D.drawback
3.A.title B.movement C.campaign D.theme
4.A.vital B.possible C.special D.fundamental
5.A.reusing B.preventing C.collecting D.gathering
6.A.water B.food C.air D.oxygen
7.A.abundance B.freedom C.independence D.protection
8.A.base B.depend C.live D.attach
9.A.increase B.decrease C.improve D.develop
10.A.also B.even C.still D.often
11.A.when B.while C.since D.although
12.A.areas B.widths C.amounts D.depths
13.A.destroyed B.exploited C.affected D.explored
14.A.activity B.concern C.reason D.cause
15.A.naturally B.controversially C.evidently D.eventually
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With seasonal temperatures breaking records almost every year，tree species 1._________ (expect)to adapt to the changes by slowly shifting their population centers northward.But 2._________recent survey shows the trend toward westward movement is even 3._________(strong) than expected—in some cases，species have shifted their ranges to west by as much as 73 percent.
The survey shows that roughly threequarters of the 86 tree species 4._________(survey) have shifted their population centers westward 5._________1980.
Obviously，trees aren’t uprooting 6._________(them) and moving elsewhere.The survey provides insight into general population trends as young trees continue to take root in westward land，while some of the older 7._________(plant) of the species in the eastern areas are slowly dying out.In this way，the center of a species’ range can gradually shift over time.
Though scientists aren’t sure 8._________is causing this change，the publishers of the study think that it’s connected to rainfall.Rainfall totals across the United States have changed,
9._________(cause) areas such as the Southeast to experience significantly less rain annually，while the Great Plains is getting far more than its historical average.For this reason，most trees are moving toward the 10._________(increasing) watery plains.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 应用文 （15分）
假定你是李华,正在负责策划你校的“绿色校园”(Green School)活动,请给你的美国笔友Henry写封邮件,向他介绍此次活动的内容并征求他的建议。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 续写 （25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。
It was summer，and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before.He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.We took a plane to Albuquerque，a big city in the state of New Mexico.We reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon.Uncle Paul，my dad’s friend，picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.
His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle.My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby.Very early in the morning，Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast.“The day starts at dawn on my farm，” he said.After breakfast，I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens，while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze(吃草)．I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses.They looked really cool.
In the afternoon，I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride，and he said yes，as long as my dad went with me.I wasn’t going to take a horse ride by myself anyway.So，my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats，got on our horses，and headed slowly towards the mountains.“Don’t be late for supper，” Uncle Paul cried，“and keep to the track so that you don’t get lost！” “OK！” my dad cried back.After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight.It was so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks，the deep green pine trees，and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene.It looked like a beautiful woven blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.
Paragraph 1：
Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse._________________________________
________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
We had no idea where we were and it got dark.___________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
参考答案
阅读理解CDB BACD ACBD ADBA ACGDF
完形填空 BADCB DABCA CDCBD
语法填空are expected，a，stronger，surveyed，since，themselves，plants，what，causing，increasingly
写作略
