易错陷阱1:介词与介词短语易混易错点。
【分析】 在介词短语中,介词的词义灵活多变,有时还含有动作的意味。如protect sb. from doing常见短语错误有:
介词与名词的搭配如:at peace 处于和平中;by hand 手工的;in order 整齐;of value 有价值;out of control不受控制 ;out of question 毫无疑问;with pleasure愉快地等。
介词与动词的搭配如:charge sb. for索要; apply for申请; equip...with...用......装备等。
与形容词的搭配如:be anxious about 为……而忧虑;be weak in不擅长……;be strict in 对……严格;be dependant on 依靠;be keen on 热衷于……
(更多常考介词短语搭配见页底)
易错陷阱2:介词核心词义在句子中的易混易错点。
【分析】介词的核心词义在文章中,尤其是长难句子中,因为句子结构分析不当,理解偏差引起错用,故对长难句的剖析及掌握介词核心意义和翻译是解决此类易混易错点的关键。
时间 | at, about, after, before, during, by, from, for, in, on,, until, since |
地点 | across, along, at, in, on, above, under/below, beside, behind, before/in front of. between, among |
原因 | at, with, because of, for, owing to, on account of |
其它 | about/on关于, of ......的, with与......一起,用,without没有, like像, except除了, besides除......还有, instead of而不是, but除了,from自从,despite, in spite of, regardless of |
易错陷阱3:介词to与不定式符号to的易混易错点。
【分析】介词to与不定式符号to词形拼写相同,故容易混淆,但介词后跟名词或-ving形式,不定式符号to后跟动词的原形,应当识记介词to的相关短语。
【规律总结】
搭配名词 | solution, answer, key, approach, attitude, entrance, access等词后用介词to; to one’s 情感n.(delight/surprise/horror/sorrow/joy/regret)“令某人......的是”; |
搭配动词 | devote...to...为......作贡献;adjust...to....调节......以适应;adapt to适应;attach...to....附加;依附;contribute to贡献;有助于;object to反对;live up to不辜负;apply oneself to专心致力于......; be admitted to被录取;be compared to......相比;look up to尊敬;hold on to抓住不放;point to指着;stick to坚持;belong to属于;lead to导致;通向;prefer...to...宁愿......而不......; be used to习惯于;owe sth to sb把......归功于......;pay attention to注意;look forward to盼望 ; |
搭配形容词 | be related to与......有关;be sensitive to对......敏感;be similar to与......相似;be linked to与......有关; be relevant to与......相关;be beneficial to对......有益的; be superior to比......优越;be equal to和......相等;be familiar to对......来说是熟悉的 |